7a – DUI

DUI – Driving Under the Influence

Alcohol is a mind-altering drug that works as a sedative.

 It changes the way you think and acts. It affects judgment and coordination. In 2005, it was a factor in over 37 percent of Nevada’s highway deaths.

Usually, the term “drug” refers to a controlled substance that is illegal, such as cocaine. However, this term can also apply to prescription and over-the-counter medications. Many drugs such as tranquilizers, sleeping pills, cold and allergy medicines and pain medications can affect your driving ability.

The effects of any drug can vary significantly from one person to another and can also vary in the same person at different times. Taking more than one drug at a time is particularly dangerous because each drug can add to the impact of the other. This is especially true when one of the drugs is alcohol.

TEENAGERS’s BAC (Blood Alcohol Concentration or content)
limit is 0.02 – for a teenager under 21.(1 domestic beer)
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ADULT’S BAC (Blood Alcohol Content)General rule of thumb for adults: Limit 0.08
 As a general rule, disregarding things like individual weight, sex and personal metabolic rate, TWO standard drinks (non-imported beer, ONE 4 oz glass of wine or ONE shot of whiskey), consumed during the first hour of drinking, will increase a person’s level of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) to approximately 0.05/100 (over  the limit for a teenager). General Rule works best for a man weighing approximately 170 pounds.  It will not be accurate for a 120-pound woman.

Driving & Alcohol don't mix

Prom Night

What is the only effective way to reduce your blood alcohol content (BAC)?

Coffee (a stimulant), exercise and cold showers cannot reduce your BAC and the effects of alcohol. They might help you stay awake, but it cannot affect your BAC or make you sober.
ONLY TIME WILL DO IT.

The only way to effectively reduce your BAC is TIME and time spent without drinking. 

Alcohol is a depressant, it slows your reflexes and reaction time, reduces your ability to see clearly, distorts your judgment of speed and distances, often reduces your inhibitions from taking chances, and makes you less alert.

Alcohol (ethanol) is absorbed slowly from the stomach and rapidly from the small intestine, and the rate of its absorption depends on the rate of gastric emptying. When gastric emptying is fast, the absorption of alcohol is fast. When gastric emptying is slow, the absorption of alcohol is delayed and peak blood alcohol concentrations are reduced.

A delay in alcohol absorption is noted when alcohol is ingested along with most foods, especially fatty or heavy, solid, or meals with protein. These types of food are known to retard the gastric emptying rate by closing down the Pyloric valve in the stomach thus blocking the intestine access.
But once the alcohol is in the blood, only time will sober you up.

Never drink alcohol while you are taking other drugs. It could be dangerous, often multiplying the effects of the alcohol and the other drug. Taking one drink when you are also using an allergy or cold remedy could affect you as much as several drinks.

Bodyweight affects the way you handle alcohol: (not the power of mind)

  • Teenagers are more rapidly affected because their body is not used to consuming alcohol.
    It is not a question of mind power or strength of character, but simply body fat content.
  • If a male weighs 150 pounds, 12 ounces of beer would contain enough alcohol to increase his BAC by about 0.02 percent.
  • On average, it takes the human body about one hour to dispose of that much alcohol.

A standard drink is defined as 12 ounces of beer, 4 ounces of wine or one shot of 80 proof alcohol.

DID YOU KNOW?

CARBONATED DRINK, LIKE CHAMPAGNE, GOES INTO THE BLOOD VERY RAPIDLY, especially on an empty stomach.

This is when you get an instant drunk EVEN WITH ONE GLASS OF CHAMPAGNE.

On an empty stomach, the pyloric valve at the bottom is wide open and alcohol rushes in the intestine where it is absorbed very fast. The way to limit the rapidity of absorption is to eat something FAT to close the valve. cheese or else)

And when the party was finally over, people started driving with no condition. I went to my car with the certainty that I would go home in peace.

I could never imagine what I expected, Mom… something i couldn’t expect.

Now I’m lying on the road and I hear a cop say, “The guy who caused this accident was drunk.”

Mom, your voice seems so far away… My blood is spilled everywhere and I’m trying my best not to cry. I can hear the doctors saying, “This girl is going to die.”

He, like me, had gone out to party, but he decided to drink and drive and now I have to die.

Why do people do this, mom, knowing it’s going to ruin lives?.

Pain is cutting me like a hundred sharp knives. Tell my sister don’t be scared mama. Tell daddy to be strong. I love you so much I wish you would give me one last kiss. Someone should have told that kid that it’s wrong to drink and drive..

Maybe if his parents had told him I would be alive by now.. My breathing is getting weak, mom, and I’m so scared… These are my last moments and I feel so desperate… I wish you could hug me mom while I’m laying here dying.

I wish I could tell you I love you, mom.. i can’t feel my body, i can’t anymore, mama i love you.. Good bye… “”.

These words were written by a Telecinco Informative journalist who witnessed a traffic accident in 1997. The young woman, while she was dying, was saying these words to those there. The journalist started a campaign. If this message reached to you and you ignore it, you may be missing out on the opportunity to raise awareness of more people and make your own life in danger too. And this small gesture can make a big difference.

Alcohol slows your reflexes and reaction time, reduces your ability to see clearly, distorts your judgment of speed and distances, often reduces your inhibitions from taking chances, and makes you less alert.

Nevada laws on driving under the influence (DUI) of alcohol or drugs are tough. Under these laws, there are two types of penalties:

 Administrative: Action is taken against a driver by the Nevada Department of Motor Vehicles regardless of the court findings.

• Criminal: Action is taken by the court system. If an officer suspects you are driving under the influence, you will be asked to take blood, breath or urine tests. These tests are given to determine if you have used alcohol or drugs. You cannot refuse the tests. An officer may also direct that blood samples be drawn, even on a first offense.

Under Nevada’s Illegal Per Se Law, if chemical tests show an alcohol concentration of .08/100 or more or any detectable amount of a controlled substance, your driving privilege will be revoked. If you are under the age of 21 and a chemical test shows an alcohol concentration of .02/100, but less than .08/100, your driving privilege will be suspended. This is an administrative penalty and the officer can take your license immediately.

Note: Even though an alcohol concentration of .08/100 is used as a guide, you can be arrested and convicted with a lower level. Anytime you lose your license, you can ask for an administrative hearing through the Department of Motor Vehicles.

Penalties for DUI

Administrative – Illegal Per Se Action

.08/100 alcohol concentration or a detectable amount of controlled substance in your blood for adults.
(or .04/100 or more but less than .08/100 if you hold a Commercial Driver’s License):
—— Driver’s license is revoked for 90 days.
—— May be required to file an SR-22 Proof of Financial Responsibility.
—— Criminal penalties may be imposed.

.02/100 alcohol concentration for drivers under 21 years of age
—— Driver’s license is suspended for 90 days.
—— May be required to file an SR-22 Proof of Financial Responsibility.
—— Criminal penalties may be imposed.

Criminal Action

First DUI offense:
—— Driver’s license revoked for 90 days. After half the revocation period has been completed, a restricted license may be issued.
—— Jail sentence of 2 days to 6 months or 96 hours of community service.
—— Fine of $400 to $1,000.
—— Payment of tuition for DUI school (average cost $150).
—— May be ordered to attend a program of treatment when the concentration of alcohol in your blood or breath is .08/100 or more.

Second DUI offense within 7 years:
—— Driver’s license revoked for 1 year; not eligible for a restricted license.
—— Jail sentence or residential confinement of 10 days to 6 months.
—— Fine of $750 to $1,000.
—— 100 to 200 hours of community service.
—— Possible vehicle registration suspension.
—— May be ordered to attend a program of treatment or be placed under the clinical supervision of a treatment facility for up to one year.

Subsequent DUI offense within 7 years:

—— Driver’s license revoked for 3 years. A restricted license may be issued – contact your local DMV office for more information.
—— Prison sentence of 1 to 6 years.
—— Fine of $2,000 to $5,000.
—— Possible vehicle registration suspension.
—— May be ordered to attend a program of treatment for a minimum of 3 years.

DUI causing death or serious injury:
—— Driver’s license revoked for 3 years.
—— Prison sentence of 2 to 20 years.
—— Fine of $2,000 to $5,000.

If you have a Commercial Driver’s License, any detectable amount of alcohol can affect your driving privilege. More severe DUI penalties also apply, including lifetime disqualification from commercial driving.

DUI Laws for Young Drivers

Tough DUI laws also apply to young drivers. A licensed driver under the age of 18 found by the juvenile court to have been driving under the influence of alcohol or a controlled substance will have his or her license suspended for 90 days.

A driver under the age of 18 who is found by the juvenile court to have been driving under the influence, or a driver under the age of 21 who is convicted of a DUI, will be required by the court to undergo evaluation for alcohol or drug abuse. Based on the evaluation report, the judge may order alcohol or drug treatment for the offender.

Other DUI Laws

Nevada’s open container law makes it illegal to have alcoholic beverages which have been opened in the driver or passenger areas when a vehicle is being driven.

It does not apply to the living quarters of motor homes or house trailers, or to the passenger areas of commercial buses, limousines or taxis.

If you are found guilty of a DUI offense and you had passengers under the age of 15 in the vehicle you were driving, the court will consider that as an aggravating factor in determining your sentence. If you plead guilty or are found guilty of DUI (alcohol or drugs) and a chemical test was conducted, the court will impose an additional $60 fine to cover the costs of the chemical analysis.

Clues that a Driver May Be Under the Influence or Impaired
Knowing what to look for in another driver’s behavior may keep you from being a DUI victim. If you see a driver doing any of the following, watch out! These are all clues to driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs:
• Making a turn too widely,
• Using two lanes, straddling the center line,
• Almost hitting someone or something,
• Weaving or drifting from one side of the lane or road to another,
• Driving off the road or going straight through turn lanes,
• Driving too slowly for the speed limit and traffic conditions,
• Stopping in traffic without a reason,
• Following too closely,
• Driving with the tires on the lane markers or centerline,
• Erratic braking (riding the brakes, using brakes for no reason or braking in an uneven, jerky way),
• Driving into oncoming traffic,
• Responding slowly to traffic signals,
• Sudden changes in speed,
• Turning abruptly or illegally,
• Driving at night with headlights off,
• Swerving to correct course.

Note:
You can report a suspected drunk driver or any highway emergency on a cellular phone anywhere in Nevada by dialing *NHP (*647).

Did You Know?

In 2005, 159 people were killed in alcohol-related crashes. That equates to 37 percent of all fatalities – two percent under national figures.

MYTH ABOUT BREATHALYSER AND B-A-C

Everyone has heard a story from a friend or a co-worker about someone who was able to pass a breathalyzer test by doing something crazy like sucking on a penny or by eating some food right before the test. 

There are plenty of urban legends when it comes to beating a breathalyzer test, but which techniques can lower blood alcohol readings? 

Below we separate the facts from the myths.

Claim:  Sucking on a penny before taking a breathalyzer test will throw off your BAC.

Fact or Myth:  Myth.  Breathalyzers measure BAC by passing an infrared light wave through your mouth and measuring the drop in intensity of the light.  Sounds complicated, but it’s a system that prevents other residues, like copper and zinc in a penny, from throwing off the reading.

Claim:  Eating food or drinking coffee will lower your BAC.

Fact or Myth:  Myth.  Much like the penny theory, eating food or drinking a coffee before driving home will not change your blood alcohol content.  Eating a sandwich may prevent you from making an extra stop at Taco Bell on your drive home, but nutrient absorption in the stomach does not affect your BAC.

Claim:  Drinking mouthwash will help me pass a breathalyzer.

Fact or Myth:  Myth.  This urban legend has been circulating the Internet for years, but it’s one of the dumber ways to try to pass a breathalyzer.  Mouthwash can mask the odor of alcohol, but it does nothing to lower a person’s BAC.  Because mouthwash often contains traces of alcohol, a person may increase the breathalyzer reading by gulping mouthwash before they blow.

Claim:  Burping will throw off the breathalyzer.

Fact or Myth:  Myth.  A study by the University of Wisconsin found that there were no variances between breathalyzer readings when a subject burped while blowing into the machine. The only thing, it might upset the policeman if you ate onions before.

Claim:  Varying your breathing patterns can affect a breathalyzer test.

Fact or Myth:  Fact.

A recent study found that varying your breathing patterns immediately before taking a breathalyzer impacted BAC readings, but not the way one would wish. The study had participations try a variety of techniques, from keeping their mouth closed to adjusting their breathing techniques.
Every technique resulted in a higher BAC reading than normal,   Below are the findings.

  • Participants who held their breath for 30 seconds before taking the test saw a 15.7 {80e33af119e8cd196283982aa7c557fb7533aa3ee8fff9c7cdab620f67e6b043} increase in their BAC.
  • Keeping the mouth closed for five minutes and breathing through one’s nose resulted in a 7.3{80e33af119e8cd196283982aa7c557fb7533aa3ee8fff9c7cdab620f67e6b043} increase in BAC.
  • A slow, 20-second inhalation technique resulted in a 2{80e33af119e8cd196283982aa7c557fb7533aa3ee8fff9c7cdab620f67e6b043} increase in BAC.

Claim:  Intense exercise can lower your BAC.

Fact or Myth:  Inconclusive.

Note: Running from the police will only make matters worse.

Related source:  Yahoo News

You cannot lower the BAC when alcohol is in the blood.
ONLY TIME DOES IT.
But you may reduce the absorption of alcohol BEFORE it goes into the blood by keeping it in the stomach for a longer time by eating first something fat to close the pyloric valve in the stomach. Since alcohol is absorbed in the intestine, that may give you enough time to avoid being drunk after absorbing some alcohol. In average you would need one hour per drink.

WHEN FUN IS NO FUN ANYMORE…

END  OF LESSON 7 – DUI
End of Topic 7a. DUI
 Next Step: QUIZ #7